Articles:
Bridge and Tunnel Security. Civil Engineering Vol: 74 No: 9. September 2004.
Calling all Guards: Blue Ribbon Panel Exposes Terrorist Threat to Bridges and Tunnels in the U.S. Roads and Bridges Vol: 42 No: 3 March 2004.
Defending Subways Against Biological Terrorism. David Siegrist and Peter Lejeune, 1998. Transit Policing Vol. 8, No. 2 (Fall 1998).
Mass Transit: Target of Terror. Kurt P. Nelson, 1999. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin Vol. 68, No. 1 (Jan. 1999). Pages 19-24.
Use Of Technology In Preparing Subway Systems For Chemical/Biological Terrorism. Policastro, Anthony and Gordon, Susanna. April 1999.
Bibliographies:
American Public Transit Association
National Center for Transit Research, University of South Florida
Government Accountability Office (GAO) Testimony/Reports:
Domestic Terrorism: Prevention Efforts in Selected Federal Courts and Mass Transit Systems. Government Accountability Office. Report to the Chairman, House Subcommitee on Civil and Constitutional Rights, Committee on the Judiciary. June 1988.
Homeland Security: Communication Protocols and Risk Communication Principles Can Assist in Refining the Advisory System. Government Accountability Office. Report to Congressional Requestors. June 2004.
Mass Transit: Challenges in Securing Transit Systems. Statement of Peter Guerrero, Director, Physical Infrastructure Issues. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Housing and Transportation, Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, U.S. Senate. September 2002.
Mass Transit: Federal Action Could Help Transit Agencies Address Security Challenges. Report to Congressional Requestors. December 2002.
Passenger Rail Security: Enhanced Federal Leadership Needed to Prioritize and Guide Security Efforts. October 7, 2005.
Rail Security: Some Actions Taken to Enhance Passenger and Freight Rail Security, But Significant Challenges Remain. Testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation. March 2004.
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d04598t.pdf
Rail Transit: Observations on FTA's State Safety Oversight Program. Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Highways, Transit, Pipelines, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives. July 2006.
Rail Transit: Additional Federal Leadership Would Enhance FTA's State Safety Oversight Program. Report to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives. July 2006.
Transportation Security: Post-September 11th Initiatives and Long-Term Challenges. Testimony Before the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. April 2003.
Transportation Security: Systematic Planning Needed to Optimize Resources. Testimony Before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate. February 2005.
Transportation Security Research and Development: TSA and DHS are Researching and Developing Technologies, but need to improve R & D Management. Government Accountability Office. Report to Congressional Requestors. September, 2004.
Handbooks:
Transit Security Handbook. Boyd, M. Annabelle; Maier, M. Patricia. 1998.
Transit System Security Program Planning Guide. Balog, John N.; Schwarz, Anne N.; Doyle, Bernard C. 1994.
Transit Watch Toolkit. Volpe Center / Federal Transit Administration
Newsletters:
Federal Transit Administration, Office of Safety and Security Transit Security Newsletter
http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Security/Newsletter.asp
Reports/Studies:
America Under Threat: Transit Responds to Terrorism. American Public Transit Association. 2002.
Anti-Terrorism Security and Surface Transportation Systems: A Review of Case Studies and Current Tactics. Camilla Fink. August 2002.
Applicability of Portable Explosive Detection Devices in Transit Environments. Transportation Research Board. June 2004.
Case for Searches on Public Transportation.Transportation Research Board Legal Research Digest 22. November, 2005.
Case Studies on Transit Security on Bus Systems. US DOT. August 1983.
Communication of Threats: A Guide. Transportation Research Board. September 2002.
Considering the Effects of a Catastrophic Terrorist Attack. Describes the results from a scenario analysis and strategic gaming revolving around a catastrophic terrorist attack on the Port of Long Beach, California. RAND Corporation. 2006.
Designing and Operating Safe and Secure Transit Systems: Assessing Current Practices in the United States and Abroad. By Brian Talyor, PhD. MTI Report 04-05. Mineta Transportation Institute. November 2005.
Developing Useful Transit-Related Crime and Incident Data. Transportation Research Board. April 2000.
Effects of Catastrophic Events on Transportation System Management and Operations - The Pentagon and the National Capital Region-Sept. 11, 2001. U.S. Department of Transportation. March 2002.
Electronic Surveillance Technology on Transit Vehicles. Patricia Maier & Jud Malone, 2001.
Emergency Preparedness for Transit Terrorism. Annabelle Boyd & John P. Sullivan, 1997.
Emergency Response Procedures for Natural Gas Transit Vehicles. Transit Cooperative Research Program Synthesis 58. Transportation Research Board. March 2005.
Guidelines for the Effective Use of Uniformed Transit Police and Security Personnel, Final Report. Interactive Elements Incorporated, May 1997
Guidelines for Responding to a Chemical Weapons Incident, National Domestic Preparedness Program. November 2000.
Immediate Actions (IAs) for Transit Agencies for Potential and Actual Life-Threatening Incidents: Guidance Document. Federal Transit Administration. April 2004
Improving Transit Security. Jerome A. Needle & Renee M. Cobb, 1997.
Intrusion Detection for Public Transportation Facilities Handbook. Transportation Research Board. October 2003.
K9 Units in Public Transportation: A Guide for Decision Makers. Transportation Research Board. October 2002.
Making Transportation Tunnels Safe and Secure. Transportation Research Board. December 2006.
Mapping the Risks Assessing the Homeland Security Implications of Publicly Available Geospatial Information. RAND Corporation. 2004.
New Strategies to Protect America: Terrorism and Mass Transit After London and Madrid. Bill Johnstone. Center for American Progress. August 2005.
New Strategies to Protect America: Terrorism and Mass Transit After London and Madrid - 12 Recommendations for Progress. Brian D. Taylor. Center for American Progress. August 2005.
On-Scene Commander's Guide for Responding to Biological/Chemical Threats, National Domestic Preparedness Program, November 1, 1999.
Passenger Rail Security: Overview of Issues. Congressional Research Service. May 2005
Public Transportation Emergency Mobilization and Emergency Operations Guide. Transportation Cooperative Research Program Report 86: Volume 7. Transportation Research Board. August 2005.
Protecting Surface Transportation Against Terrorism and Serious Crime: Continuing Research on Best Security Practices. Brian M. Jenkins & Larry N. Gersten, September 2001.
Protecting Surface Transportation Systems and Patrons from Terrorist Activities. Brian M. Jenkins, December 1997.
Recommended Emergency Preparedness Guidelines for Rail Transit Systems. U.S. DOT. March 1985.
Robotic Devices: A Guide for the Transit Environment. Transportation Research Board. March 2003.
Role of the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) In Preparing for Security Incidents and Transportation System Response. Michael D. Meyer, Ph.D., P.E. Georgia Institute of Technology. 2005.
Saving City Lifelines: Lessons Learned in the 9-11 Terrorist Attacks. Brian M. Jenkins & Frances Edwards-Winslow, September 2003.
Security and Emergency Management Technical Assistance for the Top 50 Transit Agencies Final Report. U.S. DOT/Federal Transit Administration. July 2007.
Security-Related Customer Communications and Training for Public Transportation Providers. Transportation Research Board. April 2004.
Standard Protocols for Managing Security Incidents Involving Surface Transit Vehicles. FTA, Office of Safety and Security. 2002
Terrorism and Rail Security. Jack Riley. Testimony presented to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee on March 23, 2004
Terrorism and the Security of Public Surface Transportation. Brian Michael Jenkins. Testimony presented to the Senate Committee on Judiciary on April 8, 2004
Transit Agency Security and Emergency Protective Measures. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. November 2006.
Transit Threat Level Response Recommendations. FTA, Office of Safety and Security.
Transit Security Design Considerations. FTA, Office of Safety and Security, November, 2004.
Underground Transportation Systems in Europe: Safety, Operations, and Emergency Response. Federal Highway Administration. June 2006.
Vulnerability Assessment of the Transportation Infrastructure Relying on Global Positioning System: Final Report. John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, August 2001.
Surveys:
Cops, Cameras, and Enclosures: A Synthesis of the Effectiveness of Methods to Provide Enhanced Security for Bus Operators. Darin Allan and Joel Volinski, May 2001.
Survey of United States Transit System Security Needs and Funding Priorities. APTA, April, 2004
Websites on Counter/Anti-Terrorism:
Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute
Chemical and Biological Defense Information and Analysis Center
Chemical and Biological Weapons Arms Control Institute
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
Counterterrorism Page
Defense Week Domestic Preparedness Site
Department of State/Counterterrorism Coordinating Office
International Association Counterterrorism and Security Profession
Joint Program Office for Biological Defense
National Terrorism Preparedness Institute
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
Rand Corporation - Terrorism and Homeland Security
Stimson Center
Terrorism Research Center
U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense
U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases
Security Sensitive Information (SSI) Policy Issues:
FTA: Release of Security Critical and Sensitive Information to the Public (includes a useful flow chart)
Code of Federal Regulations 49, Part 15 (the official SSI Regulations)
TSA/FTA Security and Emergency Management Action Items for Transit Agencies
FTA Proposed Circular: Safety and Security Management Guidance for Major Capital Projects
US Dept of Agriculture SSI Policy (an example, but probably not the best example)
SSI Issues for State Departments of Transportation (PowerPoint presentation, 11 page "primer" on the issues)
GAO Audit Report: Transportation Security Administration : Clear Policies And Oversight Needed For Designation Of Sensitive Security Information - IDs problems with implementation of policies at various agencies, useful for avoiding the mistakes of others: Highlights | Full Report
Training Videos:
The Mark. Federal Transit Administration / National Transit Institute 2007
Lower quality 15MB
Medium quality 52MB
Highest quality 104 MB
The Mark is a fast-paced training video depicting a fictionalized version of an all-too-real threat against a metropolitan transit system. It demonstrates to transit employees how asking the right questions and following their instincts when faced with suspicious and unusual circumstances could ultimately mean the difference between life and death.
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